For many whales, sound provides a way to communicate beyond the range of vision. Their l calls tra through seaw and ca useful infor about fee areas o possible ma across dist that sepa individual animals. The ocean does not transmit every sound equally. Temperature and pressure affect the paths that sound waves follow, and some layers carry calls especially far. This makes hearing valuable even when animals cannot see one another. Noise from passing ships can interfere with these signals by making a call harder to distinguish from its surroundings.

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